Gastroenterology  is a branch of medicine that studies the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of a person, its structure and functioning, its diseases and methods of their treatment. The section of gastroenterology that studies the liver, gallbladder, biliary tract, their structure and function, their diseases and methods of their treatment is called hepatology. The section of gastroenterology that studies the rectum and anus, their structure and function, their diseases and methods of their treatment is called proctology. If all sections of the large intestine are studied (and not just the rectum), then this discipline is called coloproctology. Gastroenterological care in the Russian Federation is regulated by orders of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia No. 539 2005 [1], No. 615 2006 [2] and No. 906н 2012